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Normal viruses inject their DNA into a host cell. That DNA is used to create new virus cells in the standard ways (i.e. DNA ---> mRNA ----> protein) as well as DNA ---> DNA for replication.

Retroviruses inject mRNA into a host cell and use the mRNA as a template for new DNA synthesis. The term "retro" is used because this is the reverse of how most organisms process DNA and mRNA.

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